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Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ( DHCP )

DHCP is a protocol that permits dynamic assignment of IP numbers. This replaces the labor-intensive process of IP address management, in which every host is configured with a static IP number assigned to it. DHCP allows the centralization and automation of the IP assignment process. Hosts are leased an IP number for a given amount of time, and this makes the process of managing and administering large networks more efficient. This is good for the network administrator, but makes the security administrator's job more complicated (for example, when some IP number and associated temporary owner have to be chased down for questionable activity).

Computers that are connected to non-DHCP equipped IP networks must be configured before they can communicate with other computers on the network. DHCP allows a computer to be configured automatically, eliminating the need for intervention by a network administrator. It also provides a central database for keeping track of computers that have been connected to the network. This prevents two computers from accidentally being configured with the same IP address 

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